Difference equations, as discrete analogues of differential equations, form a fundamental mathematical framework for describing systems that evolve incrementally over time or space. Coupled with ...

Mean field-type models describing the limiting behavior of stochastic differential games as the number of players tends to +∞ were recently introduced by Lasry and Lions. Under suitable assumptions, ...

Maths Class 12 Differential Equations MCQs: The Central Board of Secondary Education conducts the annual board exams for class 12, which are considered among the most important for students. The ...