Different atoms and ions possess characteristic energy levels. Like a fingerprint, they are unique for each species. Among ...

Relativistic atomic structure and spectroscopy address the complex interplay of quantum mechanics and Einstein’s theory of relativity to describe the behaviour of electrons in atoms, particularly ...

This field encompasses advanced techniques that utilise laser light to selectively ionise heavy atoms, including actinides and super-heavy elements, thereby facilitating the investigation of their ...

Among them, the atomic ion 173Yb+ has attracted growing interest because of its particularly rich energy structure, which is promising for applications in quantum technologies and searches for ...