Signal generators play a vital role in electrical test and measurement. They generate the test signals that are applied to components such as filters and amplifiers, or even to entire modules, in ...

A new technical paper titled “Reconfigurable signal modulation in a ferroelectric tunnel field-effect transistor” was published by researchers at Lund University in Sweden. “Reconfigurable transistors ...

Pulse density modulation (PDM) is a compact digital audio format used in devices like MEMS microphones and embedded systems. This compact primer eases you into the essentials of PDM audio. Let’s begin ...

Bacteria employ complex signaling networks for adaptive gene control in changing environments. Bacterial second messenger molecules such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) relay external environmental signals into ...

RF signals historically are measured using spectrum analyzers, at least that was before oscilloscopes offered sufficient bandwidth for those measurements. With oscilloscope bandwidths over 100 GHz, RF ...

Due to efficiency, quality, and cost, digital communications systems play a major role in telecommunications, especially wireless services. With most digital modulation schemes represented as in-phase ...