Our ancestors were captivated by how browsing by elk and bison affected tree growth. Now I am too by the human version – coppicing ...

For more than two centuries, it has provided an anchor habitat, including for humans—a tumbled-down dwelling lies under its shade. How well any English oak (Quercus robur) thrives affects everything ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract In two nursery species important for European forests and landscape, Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica, the impact of spacing in the seedbed ...