Despite seeming like a relatively stable place, the Earth's surface has changed dramatically over the past 4.6 billion years. Mountains have been built and eroded, continents and oceans have moved ...

Ask an archaeologist how old the site they’re excavating is, and they may not have an answer. Though they may have a hunch, a site can only be accurately dated after it’s been discovered and excavated ...

Geologic assessment of active tectonism depends on two key measures: the age and the amount of deformation of a given stratigraphic unit. The amount of deformation can normally be measured with ...