Systems theory was not originally a business theory. Indeed, systems theory was proposed in the 1940s by biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, say Francis Heylighen and Cliff Joslyn in their article, ...

The system approach principle places individual system elements in their environments and observes the relationships between them. Instead of studying a specific phenomenon first – an automobile ...

Max Weber’s management theory promotes a structured hierarchy, clear rules and impersonal relationships to increase efficiency and eliminate favoritism.