Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, allergic inflammation and host defence mechanisms. T helper 9 (TH9) cells, a specialised ...

Researchers in Korea have reported that butyrate from commensal gut bacteria can enhance T follicular helper cell function, increase immunoglobulin A production and improve protection after ...

Researchers at the Medical University of Vienna have taken a closer look at a previously largely unknown component of the immune system: the protein molecule TRAT1 (T Cell Receptor Associated ...

Northwestern Medicine scientists have identified the cellular mechanisms that cause immune cells to differentiate and ultimately lose function during viral infection, findings that could improve ...