One of the challenges in biopharmaceutical development is measuring the 3-d structure of the active protein. The diffraction of X-ray beams through a crystalline structure can be measured to produce a ...

Abstract: A virial relation is an integral identity involving the solution of a differential equation. The identity can be derived from the equation itself or, if the equation can be formulated as a ...

The new, international theoretical study introduces a novel approach known as the ‘quantum virial expansion,’ offering a powerful tool to uncover the complex quantum interactions in two-dimensional ...

This article presents an easy and simple spreadsheet procedure for custody-transfer calculations of the base compressibility factor for any pair of pressure and temperature conditions. The procedure ...