Examples include ecosystems, neural networks, and social structures, where collective interactions lead to emergent phenomena and self-organization. Understanding complex systems involves studying ...

Ragnar van der Merwe received funding from the John Templeton Foundation as part of the project The Evolution of Complexity hosted at Bath University. Alex Broadbent received funding from the John ...

Analysing human societies as complex systems can provide an insight into historical processes and the strengths and weaknesses of capitalism. Analysing human societies as complex systems can provide ...

A system-engineering approach is essential for an efficient design in a complex system. Comprehension of conflicting requirements of participating subsystems and integrated designs are key elements ...