Back in the mid-1980s, when I established the U.S. Navy’s first GIS, we used mapping software from a company called National Planning Data Corporation (NPDC). In the process, I had several interesting ...

Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 2 (July to December, 2007), pp. 44-52 (9 pages) Abstract:Environmental degradation, and specifically erosion, is a serious and extensive ...

The purpose of a geo-spatial system is to combine data with the questions that are asked administratively. GIS provides spatial information in response to the query -- what next should I look at?