Conflict in the Middle East has pushed up energy prices. We examine how this compares to past shocks and the government's options going forward.

The government is in the process of conducting a review of universal credit (UC), the main means-tested benefit for working-age people, received by 6.3 million families at any one time. This report ...

Council tax support (CTS) is a benefit that assists the poorest households in paying their council tax, by providing a reduction on their bills. It operates separat ...

IFS researchers respond to the Chancellor’s Spring Forecast, which was presented against an uncertain global backdrop with ...

The probability of entering the public sector rises with education, and this paper documents that this educational gradient has strengthened.

How have household incomes evolved over your lifetime? What is the gap between rich and poor? How many people are there in poverty? Which groups are most likely to face poverty? These questions are ...

This comment explores how young workers are matched to firms in local labour markets in England, using the Longitudinal ...

Reform UK's Welsh manifesto echoes Conservative proposals while leaving the spending cuts needed to fund its tax ambitions ...

From the start of April, the state pension age will start rising from 66, reaching 67 in early 2028. This upcoming change was announced in 2011 and legislated in 2014, in response to higher life ...

Areas in England vary in how much funding they receive for public services, and in how much they would need to spend to deliver the same level of services to their populations. For example, an area ...

Beautiful, easy data visualization and storytelling Note: All figures presented in 2025-26 prices, and assume employer already making full use of the employment allowance without the example employee.

This report highlights 10 key facts related to taxes and the public finances that will underlie the fiscal policy challenges and choices faced by citizens and governments in coming decades. It is part ...