Incoterms play a vital role in international trade by defining the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in the delivery of goods. However, misuse or misunderstanding of these terms can lead to ...

Commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz has fallen to its lowest level as vessels reroute via the Cape of Good Hope and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, signalling a major shift in global maritime ...

[UPDATED 2026 ] Ultimate Guide to UCP 600 - what is the UCP 600? An in-depth guide to the latest version of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits convention (UCP 500 and UCP 600), ...

Ocean freight is the most common form of transport for importers and exporters, accounting for 90% of goods transported globally.

HSN stands for ‘Harmonized System Nomenclature.’ The WCO (World Customs Organization) developed it as a multipurpose international product nomenclature that first came into effect in 1988 with the ...

[UPDATED 2023] While big data analytics compile useful data for humans to use in decision-making, artificial intelligence (AI) is able to further process that data and produce an actual decision.

[UPDATED 2026] LCs versus BGs: A Letter of Credit (LC) is a promise taken on by a bank to pay a party once certain criteria are met, whereas a Bank Guarantee is a bank's commitment to pay the ...

[UPDATED 2024] Trade Finance Global helps companies access cross-border trade and receivables finance across numerous sectors and geographies.

[UPDATED 2026] Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes are independent payment undertakings (debt obligations) from one person to another. They are codified under the Bills of Exchange Act 1882, which ...

What about the eUCP Recently, the ICC updated eUCP 600 rules (eRules), to accelerate the digitilisation of trade finance. Trade Finance Global have published the updates on the eRules for ‘eUCP 600’, ...

Mahika Ravi Shankar is Deputy Editor at Trade Finance Global (TFG). Mahika holds a Masters of Arts with Honours (MA Hons) degree in Economic History from the University of Edinburgh.