The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon. Simulations of human Ia and Ib reflexes on a bio-inspired musculoskeletal robot driven by pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) offers ...

Abstract: Tonic Vibration Reflex (TVR) and Kinesthetic Illusion (KI), induced by vibratory stimulation, have demonstrated promising potential for application in robotic motor rehabilitation. It is ...

Myopathy is a general term for diseases that affect your muscles. The muscle fibers don’t work properly, which leads to muscle weakness and other symptoms. Some myopathy is inherited and present at ...

Neuromuscular disorders affect nerves that control voluntary muscles, including those in your arms, legs, and face. Nerve damage can lead to muscle weakness and loss of control. Examples of ...

Junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) are expressed by leukocytes, platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells. JAMs are important in the control of vascular permeability and leukocyte transmigration ...

Regulatory T (T Reg) cells are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance, preventing autoimmunity and limiting chronic inflammatory diseases. However, they also limit beneficial responses by ...