Background A 57-year-old man presented with a 4-week history of intermittent, painless frank hematuria. There were no other symptoms. He had no previous urologic history, is a nonsmoker, and works as ...

Bladder wall thickening (BWT) usually happens when there are other bladder issues like cystitis, bladder outlet obstruction, or bladder cancer. Signs include trouble urinating, cloudy or bloody urine, ...