Earthquake instability requires fault weakening during slip. The mechanism of this weakening is central to understanding earthquake sliding and, in many cases, has been attributed to fluids. It is ...

A schematic diagram of the faulting processes of the 2024 M7.6 Noto Peninsula earthquake sequence. The crustal processes and faults broken during the long-lasting intense earthquake swarm are based on ...

Schematic for redox chemistry driven by mechanical processes in the deep subsurface on rocky planets. (A) The formation of habitable environments in the subsurface as silicate crusts are reworked by ...

The massive earthquake that struck under the Indian Ocean southwest of Sumatra on April 11, 2012, came as a surprise to seismologists and left them scrambling to figure out exactly what had happened.