A fistula is an unusual opening between two body parts that often needs treatment like medicine or surgery. Fistulas can be caused by infections and diseases like Crohn's disease, and up to half of ...

Bladder infections are caused by bacteria in the urinary tract and are treated with antibiotics. Bladder cancer can cause blood in the urine and requires treatment like surgery or chemotherapy.

Background A 37-year-old female presented with pain in the right lower lateral abdomen. She had experienced a ureteral stone in the past. Investigations Serum electrolyte levels, blood urea nitrogen, ...

Background. A 7-year-old previously healthy girl was injured in a traffic accident and presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain, microscopic hematuria, and wide skin defects and deep ...

Such details can be obtained with a combination of biochemical investigations, microscopic examination of urine under polarised light, and an intravenous pyelogram. Ultrasonography and plain abdominal ...

Attention: Restrictions on use of AUA, AUAER, and UCF content in third party applications, including artificial intelligence technologies, such as large language models and generative AI. You are ...

A 75-year-old male with a long history of nephrolithiasis has been suffering with recurrent urinary tract infections and debilitating dysuria. After obtaining urine from the left renal pelvis, which ...