Background: Anorectal functional pain syndrome, also called chronic proctalgia, represents a neglected clinical entity and often confused with other syndromes such as vulvodynia or acute proctalgia.

Abstract: Mecanomyographic (MMG) and force myography (FMG) sensors emerged as an alternative to electromyography (EMG) for monitoring muscle contraction without requiring the direct contact of the ...

Abstract: In this paper, we describe the performance of a pneumatic artificial muscle integrally molded by a 3D printer that can mold materials with different stiffnesses. In the recent years, soft ...