Abstract: This paper proposes a novel architecture that efficiently integrates visual place recognition (VPR) and loop closure detection (LCD) into a unified system, evaluated on challenging outdoor ...

Abstract: In this paper, we used second order interpolation method via three successding data points in narrow area, combined with loop transformation method and used samples to build an algorithm for ...

Lightning formation and the conditions triggering it have long been shrouded in a cloud of mystery, but new research led by Penn State scientists is lifting the fog. Using mathematical calculations, ...