Abstract: This survey attempts to provide a comprehensive and structured overview of the existing research for the problem of detecting anomalies in discrete/symbolic sequences. The objective is to ...

Abstract: This article studies the consensus control problem faced with three essential demands, namely, discrete control updating for each agent, discrete-time communications among neighboring agents ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Probability theory describes the likelihood of different outcomes or distinct results from chance processes (sometimes referred to as experiments.) The set of all the possible outcomes of an ...

Risk-neutral probabilities adjust future outcome odds for risk to compute expected asset values. These probabilities help determine fair prices for assets, especially derivatives. Unlike real-world ...