Abstract: To address the flexible assembly job shop scheduling problem, an improved differential evolution algorithm based on Q-Learning is proposed to optimize the makespan, the average product ...

Abstract: Parallel testing, which uses different test forms to assess examinees, is a necessary and important technique in both educational and psychometric assessments. A key but challenging problem ...

This is a valuable study that combines biophysical and evolutionary approaches to understand why particular mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 protein N arose during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence is ...

This is a valuable study that combines biophysical and evolutionary approaches to understand why particular mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 protein N arose during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence is ...

If there’s one thing I’ve learned from the Jurassic Park movies, it’s that running a dinosaur theme park isn’t easy. It’s a constant balancing act of keeping your employees satisfied, making your park ...

Assembly Theory is a way to understand how the complexity of life emerged through a mechanism of “self-assembly.” It could explain how life formed on Earth—or other planets—via the shortest path to ...

If you picture the manufacturing floor just five years ago, let alone a few decades ago, it looks very different from today. That’s because intelligent machines—such as robotics and automation ...

One hundred years ago a young teacher, John T. Scopes, went on trial in Dayton, Tenn., for violating a recently enacted state law that forbade the state’s educators “to teach any theory that denies ...

A Wabtec R255 hybrid battery-diesel work locomotive for New York’s MTA testing on the track in Erie, Pennsylvania. Credit: Wabtec Corporation. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) of New ...

Many people hold the view that evolution in humans has come to a halt. But while modern medicine and technologies have changed the environment in which evolution operates, many scientists are in ...