Three tiny Purgatorius teeth found in Colorado are helping scientists trace how early primates evolved and spread across North America.

A fossil skull barely 1 inch long has proved to be a newborn reptile from Brazil’s Late Triassic, a period more than 230 million years ago when early reptiles dominated land ecosystems. Its tiny jaw ...

Scientists announced on March 5, 2026, that they have identified an entirely new genus of mammal called Tous, a group of ...

Scientists have confirmed that two marsupial species, known only from ancient fossils for more than 7,000 years, are still alive in New Guinea—discovered through a combination of Indigenous ...

When the identification of a fossil animal is completely based on a single bone, the design of the bone is important. Another Permian animal with no complete body akin only to the low jaws has a ...

Mammals are not especially diverse. Roughly 6,800 mammal species are known to exist, compared with about 8,800 species of amphibian, 11,000 species of bird and 12,500 of reptile. Yet when most people ...

The death of this ancient species, discovered alongside more newly described mammals, had been greatly exaggerated.

Two marsupial species thought long extinct, until now known only from fossils, were found alive in New Guinea through a ...

While there is a common belief that the evolution of humans can be traced back to fishlike vertebrate ancestors, pinpointing the origins of bony fish — a key group in this evolution — remains ...

A plantation worker photographed this new genus of mammal in New Guinea, thought to have been dead for 6,000 years.

Chinese paleontologists have discovered the world's oldest complete bony fish fossils, dating back 436 million years ...

"It's a really strange animal, and the weird twist in the jaw drove us crazy trying to figure it out." ...