Abstract: The contribution of this article is to propose a power management system (PMS) for a hybrid vehicle based on an adaptive Pontryagin’s minimum principle (A-PMP) approach that optimally ...

An illustration of a magnifying glass. An illustration of a magnifying glass.

Abstract: This paper delves into Zadeh's extension principle (EP) for angular domains, particularly in the context of spatial relations. We introduce modifications to the EP, specifically tailored for ...